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https://www.c-span.org/video/?425087-1/fbi-director-says-hes-investigating-links-trump-campaign-russia
Representatives Devin Nunes and Trey Gowdy who appear to want to undermine the Trump-Russia investigation by the House Intelligence Committee are recipients of Koch money. From 2006 to 2010 Devin Nunes got $45,000 from Koch related PACs: http://www.greenpeace.org/usa/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/Koch-Ind-Still-Fueling-Climate-Denial.pdf. His entire career he has gotten $56,500 from Koch Industries: https://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/contrib.php?cycle=Career&cid=N00007248&type=I

Trey Gowdy got $8000 from Koch PAC(s) for the last election alone: http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Koch_candidates,_2016 Trey Gowdy got at least $35,000 from the Kochs over his career (2009-16). https://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/summary.php?cycle=Career&type=I&cid=N00030880&newMem=N. This, of course, pales compared to the $300,000 or more which David Koch has given VP Mike Pence: https://sunlightfoundation.com/2016/07/25/following-the-money-behind-mike-pence. However, some sell-out on the cheap.

In 1929 to 1931 Fred Koch, father to the Koch brothers, was in the Soviet Union building oil refineries for Stalin. He built refineries for Nazi Germany, too, prior to World War II. He returned to Russian in 1956 with a group of business people. He was in Iraq in 1958, just prior to the Iraq Coup/Revolution. Prior to working in the Soviet Union, he worked in England. See FBI documents embedded here: http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/7/30/koch-brothers-fatherpolitics.html and here: https://assets.documentcloud.org/documents/1237279/fred-c-koch-fbi.pdf

Where is the evidence that he ever stopped doing business in Russia? It has been noted that it was only after this last trip that he became vocally anti-communist. Why? Or was it a cover for continued dealings with Russia? He was a founding member of the John Birch Society. Trump mentor, Roy Cohn, through whom he met Roger Stone (and apparently Paul Manafort) was also a member of the John Birch Society. In 2002, a Koch company imported petroleum from TNK to sell to the US government for its strategic reserve. It probably still imports Russian petroleum products – a lot is still imported. Did the Koch family ever stop working in Russia? Someone was already importing petroleum in the mid 90s. Who imported it? Are THE Kochs related to the Fred C. Koch, journalist, who was of Volga German ancestry, from Kolb, Russia? Putin kingmaker, Roman Abramovich, was born in Saratov, along the Volga river in Russia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volga_Germans

Despite so-called sanctions against Russia, the US and Europe continue to import crude oil and petroleum products.

In a complaint, NOREX alleges an improper takeover of TNK, which involved Alfa Group. Alfa Group is named in the Steele dossier on Trump. And, it was reported that the server of Alfa Bank was in contact with Trump Tower. Trump donor Kukes was mentioned in the allegations. Kukes owns a condo in one of Trump’s buildings. Kukes taught for awhile at Rice University, home to the James Baker Institute. Baker has been alleged to be a mentor to Paul Manafort, who worked for him, at least a little while. In the complaint is named an Alfred Koch (born 1961). One cannot help but wonder if he is related in some way. A cousin? A half brother to the American Koch Brothers? One of their sons? Or, perhaps, he piggy-backed on the famous name?

“Rather than providing for the sale of 40% of TNK’s shares in a fair auction, the State Property Committee, headed by Alfred Koch (“Koch”), required any bidder to also own a certain refining unit, a controlling share of a company developing submersible oil pumps, and certain patents./ Not surprisingly, the companies which owned the refining unit, the controlling share of the submersible oil pump company, and certain patents were controlled by Access/Renova and the Alfa Group.” (NOREX complaint).

As discussed earlier this month, Roy Cohn, who was Trump’s mentor and lawyer, was also a mafia lawyer, and acted as chief prosecutor for McCarthy’s witch-hunt in the 1950s. Cohn introduced Stone to Trump decades ago. And, one of the two apparently introduced Paul Manafort to Trump. As also pointed out, dirty tricksters, like Roger Stone (and Trump), often accuse others of being what they themselves are. Roy Cohn had Joe McCarthy go after people by accusing them of homosexuality, whether true or false, while he himself was a closet homosexual who died of AIDs. Better known are his attacks on alleged communists. Since Cohn was a closet homosexual who accused others of being homosexual, when it was widely frowned upon and even illegal, this raises the question of if he himself was a Russian communist agent, accusing others of being what he himself was? This is the big question. Read more here: https://miningawareness.wordpress.com/2017/03/09/the-evil-trio-from-mccarthy-to-trump-via-watergate-reagan-bush-cohn-stone-manafort/

Like Fred Koch, Roy Cohn was a member of the John Birch Society. Cohn became member of the advisory board of the the Western Goals Foundation, which worked openly “with Nazis like Hitler’s unreconstructed spy chief, Reinhard Gehlen, who had been rescued from war crimes trials by the CIA’s first chief, Allen Dulles, in order to help coordinate clandestine anti-communist resistance“. (For this and much more read: “Trumpism, Pt. 2: The Making of an American Fascist” by Alexander Reid Ross https://itsgoingdown.org/trumpism-pt-2-american-fascist/ The UK variant of Western Goals helped fund the National Front when it was led by Marie Le Pen. His daughter, Marine Le Pen, as candidate for the French Presidency, is visiting Russia right now. She is an avid Putin supporter and admits to taking funding from a Russian bank. See more: https://miningawareness.wordpress.com/2017/03/23/who-are-the-puppet-masters-behind-the-trump-puppet-masters/

The various Koch entities are mostly privately owned and held tightly by the Koch Brothers and it is not easy to find information on them. The US Congress needs to force open documentation in the context of the Trump Russia affair. It has recently been learned that they are behind a push for uranium mine in the area of the Grand Canyon, suggesting that they may deal in uranium. See: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/marcia-g-yerman/the-grand-canyon-meets-th_b_10386880.html

In 2005 they reported to the US SEC: “Commodity Trading: Koch Supply & Trading, LLC, through its subsidiaries, offers global trading and risk management activities in crude oil, natural gas and gas liquids, steel, refined petroleum products, industrial metals, chemicals and other commodities, with traders and originators located in Houston, Wichita, New York, London, Rotterdam (The Netherlands), Singapore, Mumbai and Moscow. Other Koch-related companies have trading capabilities in their industry areas including minerals, fertilizer, and other commodities, financial derivatives, municipal bonds, to customers around the globe.“. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/41077/000119312505225697/dex996.htm

Bloomberg reported that French subsidiary Koch-Glitsch made “improper payments to secure contracts in six countries dating back to 2002, authorized by the business director.” http://www.prwatch.org/news/2011/10/11055/koch-industries-exposed-bribery-secret-iran-sales-and-more. Russia isn’t on the list, though it doesn’t mean it didn’t occur – only most likely not through that susidiary.

In the NOREX lawsuit (excerpts below), Trump donor Kukes was named. Kukes became head of TNK. TNK exported petroleum to Koch in 2002: “Koch was a pioneer importer of Russian oil to the United States, including a 2002 shipment of Russian crude that Koch sold to the U.S. government to help fill the U.S. Strategic Petroleum Reserve“. (“The Koch Brothers’ Tangled and Far-Reaching Web“, By John Aloysius Farrell/The Center for Public Integrity: http://www.alternet.org/story/150547/the_koch_brothers’_tangled_and_far-reaching_web

Victor Vekselberg, named below, has ties to Trump Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross via Bank of Cyprus:
http://www.dailykos.com/story/2017/3/21/1645742/-Was-Wilbur-Ross-resignation-from-the-Bank-of-Cyprus-a-sham

Small excerpt from the complaint:
“UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK ______________________________
NOREX PETROLEUM LIMITED COMPLAINT
Plaintiff v.
ACCESS INDUSTRIES, INC.; JURY TRIAL DEMANDED RENOVA, INC.; LEONARD BLAVATNIK; VICTOR VEKSELBERG;
ALFA GROUP CONSORTIUM; CROWN FINANCE FOUNDATION; CTF HOLDINGS LTD; ALFA FINANCE HOLDINGS, SA; CROWN LUXEMBOURG HOLDINGS SA; ELLIOT SPITZ; TYUMEN OIL COMPANY; SIMON KUKES; JOSEPH BAKALEYNIK; LT ENTERPRISES LIMITED; SANDWELL ENTERPRISES LIMITED; EASTMOUNT PROPERTIES LIMITED; and ASTONS CORPORATE MANAGEMENT;
Defendants. ______________________________
The instant case concerns injuries to the business and property of Norex as a result of a massive racketeering and money laundering scheme beginning in the 1990’s operated and directed by American citizens, residents and companies, including Access Industries, Inc., Renova, Inc., Leonard Blavatnik, and Victor Vekselberg in conspiracy with American citizens Simon Kukes, Joseph Bakaleynik, and Elliot Spitz of the “Alfa Group Consortium” (the “Illegal Scheme”) to takeover a substantial portion of the Russian oil industry through their control and use of the Tyumen Oil Company and its subsidiaries and affiliates (“TNK”) based on an overall criminal structure, which is set forth in Exhibit A.
2. The Illegal Scheme included the illegal takeover (the “Illegal Takeover”) of Yugraneft, another Russian oil company of which Norex was majority shareholder,which was effected by TNK in the “old fashioned way” – through fraudulent representations, sheer physical force of armed thugs, and corruption of the local government, legal system and law enforcement, which refused to intervene and protect Norex’s rights.
3. Immediately following the Illegal Takeover of Yugraneft, TNK seized its assets, including over $40 million which were held as dollar and ruble cash deposits and savings certificates and in excess of $500 million worth of oil production facilities, reserves, and receivables due from companies controlled by TNK.
4. The Illegal Scheme has been masterminded, operated and directed by Access, Renova, Blavatnik, Vekselberg, Kukes, and Bakaleynik, through offices in New York…
[…]
125. Rather than providing for the sale of 40% of TNK’s shares in a fair auction, the State Property Committee, headed by Alfred Koch (“Koch”), required any bidder to also own a certain refining unit, a controlling share of a company developing submersible oil pumps, and certain patents.
126. Not surprisingly, the companies which owned the refining unit, the controlling share of the submersible oil pump company, and certain patents were controlled by Access/Renova and the Alfa Group.
[…]
the above and below named entities and individuals performed, among others, the following roles:

a. Alfa Group Enterprise: The Alfa Group is an enterprise consisting of its various, affiliated companies, including the Alfa Holding Enterprise and Crown Enterprise and their various subsidiary companies, which was controlled by the Alfa Holding Enterprise.

b. Alfa Holding Enterprise (Crown Finance Foundation, CTF Holdings, Alfa Finance, and Crown Luxembourg): The Alfa Holding Enterprise provides an overall legal and financial structure for the control of subsidiary enterprises including the Crown Enterprise, TNK Enterprise, Slush Fund Enterprise, and Kondpetroleum, Chernogorneft, and NNG Enterprise. All conduct of the subsidiary Enterprises was ultimately directed by the Alfa Holding Enterprise. This Enterprise raises capital to fund the Illegal Scheme.

c. Fridman, Kuzmichev, and Khan operate and control the Alfa Holding Enterprise, including the direct involvement of Kuzmichev with the money laundering and tax fraud activities of the Crown Enterprise and the Slush Fund Enterprise.

d. Crown Enterprise (Crown Commodities Ltd, Crown Trade and Finance Limited, Crown Resources AG, and Crown Resources (USA) Inc.): The Crown Enterprise provides the trading operations and coordinates the money laundering with the Slush Fund Enterprise.

e. Spitz: Spitz, along with Fridman, Kuzmichev, and Khan, operates and controls the Crown Enterprise, including its money laundering and tax fraud activities.

f. TNK Enterprise (TNK, TNK NV, and TNK-Nyagan): The TNK Enterprise provides oil production, oil shipment, oil refining, domestic sales services, and armed security services.

g. Kondpetroleum, Chernogorneft, and NNG Enterprise: This enterprise provides oil which is sold at below market prices to TNK and/or Crown and from which the proceeds are then laundered through the Slush Fund Companies.

h. Kukes and Bakaleynik: Kukes and Bakaleynik, along with Fridman, Kuzmichev, and Khan, operate and control the TNK Enterprise, including its involvement in the corrupt bankruptcies of Kondpetroleum, Chernogorneft, and NNG, and the Illegal Takeover of Yugraneft, including operation of the arrangement by which oil is sold to the Crown Enterprise from which proceeds are ultimately laundered through the Slush Fund Enterprise.

i. Slush Fund Enterprise (LT Enterprises, Sandwell, and Eastmount): The Slush Fund Enterprise provides the offshore companies through which the money laundering and tax fraud is effected and is ultimately controlled by Access/Renova and Alfa.

j. Access/Renova Enterprise: Access and Renova provides an overall legal and financial structure for Blavatnik and Vekselberg for the control of subsidiary enterprises including the TNK Enterprise, Slush Fund Enterprise, and Kondpetroleum, Chernogorneft, and NNG Enterprise. All conduct of the subsidiary above enterprises was ultimately directed by Access/Renova. This enterprise raises capital to fund the Illegal Scheme.

k. Blavatnik and Vekselberg: operate and control the Access/Renova Enterprise.

l. Astons Enterprise: Astons operates and manages the Slush Fund Companies, including the preparation of the invoices by G. Caine for the fabricated services and coordination and accounting for the money laundering and tax fraud.

328. The above enterprises were separate and distinct from the pattern of racketeering in which Defendants engaged because, among other reasons: (a) the members of the Enterprises were coordinated and directed to such a high degree and were assigned such well-defined roles to execute the complex and far-flung operations of the Illegal Scheme, that they existed separately and apart from the pattern of racketeering; and (b) the Enterprises had goals other than just racketeering, including, but not limited to, the continued operation of TNK and the Crown Group as producers and sellers of petroleum and Astons as the mangers of offshore corporations…” http://enforcement.trade.gov/download/russia-nme-status/posthearing/marks-sokolov/norex-complaint-040802.pdf (There is a lot more to this complaint which is around 73 pages. There are apparently other pieces of the lawsuit not included.)

An important and insightful article from late last year, by Andrew Nikforuk, points out that “any move to keep these resources in the ground would spell the end of ExxonMobil, Russian energy giant Gazprom, the Koch brothers and Putin himself. It could also bring down many of the world’s financial institutions that have unwisely let the oil and gas sector accrue historic debt loads to exploit uneconomic resources.” “The Macabre Petroleum Waltz of Trump and Putin: And the oil industry powers who are calling the tune“. By Andrew Nikiforuk 21 Dec 2016, TheTyee.ca http://www.resilience.org/stories/2016-12-21/the-macabre-petroleum-waltz-of-trump-and-putin/

“The Roots of Stalin in the Tea Party Movement
The Koch family, America’s biggest financial backers of the Tea Party, would not be the billionaires they are today were it not for the godless empire of the USSR.“By Yasha Levine / AlterNet April 16, 2010
http://www.alternet.org/story/146504/the_roots_of_stalin_in_the_tea_party_movement

Kukes: Russian Oil Magnate with Ties to Putin and Cheney Gave Almost $300,000 to Trump

“The Koch Brothers: The Extremist Roots Run Deep” Submitted by Lisa Graves on July 10, 2014 – 9:19am http://www.prwatch.org/news/2014/07/12531/koch-brothers-roots-run-deep

Russia China deal: https://www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/Research/China%20Russia%20gas%20deal_Staffbackgrounder.pdf

According to “6-2006 Koch Industries, Inc. Strategie Corporate Research Report“, by Patrick Young, et. al., “Koch Supply and Trading also has offices in Manhattan, NY, where it trades primarily in energy derivatives and precious and industrial metals; in Singapore, where it trades in crude oil, petroleum products, chemicals, and precious and industrial metals primarily in Asia and Australia; in Mumbai, India, where trades in crude oil and refined petroleum products with mostly state-owned companies in India; and in Moscow, Russia, trading in crude oil, refined petroleum products, and other commodities, A Russian subsidiary, Koch Risk Management Services, is listed on the St. Petersburg Currency Exchange,… Most of the pipeline operations come from Koch Pipeline Company, although Williams Energy Partners also provides pipeline connections to Supply and Trading in Corpus Christi, Texas, as well as supply services to Supply and Trading in Galena Park, Texas. Among those known, the Tyumen Oil Company (TNK) sold oil to Koch’s Corpus Christi facility.” http://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1061&context=reports

Tim Dickinson wrote a rare expose for Rolling Stone Magazine, which deals with the sources of Koch wealth, as opposed to their donations. Dickinson (2014) says that “Koch joined up with Enron, BP, Mobil and J. Aron – a division of Goldman Sachs then run by Lloyd Blankfein – in a collaboration called the Energy Group. This corporate alliance fought to prohibit the federal government from policing oil and gas derivatives.” http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/news/inside-the-koch-brothers-toxic-empire-20140924

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/mike-lux/the-panama-papers-are-the_b_9661208.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Baker
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Manafort

Kukes here too: “On the morning of 25 October 2003, Khodorkovsky was arrested at the Novosibirsk airport. He was taken to Moscow and charged with fraud, tax evasion, and other economic crimes…. Yukos moved quickly to replace Khodorkovsky with a Russian-born U.S. citizen, Simon Kukes. Kukes, who became the CEO of Yukos, was already an experienced oil executive.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Khodorkovsky#Menatep

A “BAKER INSTITUTE STUDY PUBLISHED BY THE JAMES A. BAKER III INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC POLICY AT RICE UNIVERSITY NO. 21 FEBRUARY 2003” states that Bush and Putin announced a US-Russian dialogue in May of 2002, and that from October 1-2, 2002 there was a US-Russia Commercial Energy Summit in Houston Texas. At the summit, then Tyumen Oil Co. president Simon Kukes said “that Russian firms must be willing to take financial losses in the short term as export routes are being studied if they want to gain a foothold in the U.S. market… He…noted that a 120,000-tonne cargo of Russian crude was sold in September 2002 to U.S. refiner Koch, with part of it dedicated to the U.S. Strategic Petroleum Reserve.” Read the article here: https://scholarship.rice.edu/bitstream/handle/1911/91517/study_21.pdf The article also mentions the US National Energy plan, by Bush VP Cheney, which called for a reduction in reliance on Middle Eastern oil and gas, by producing more in the US, and importing from Canada, Mexico and Russia.

Kukes: Russian Oil Magnate with Ties to Putin and Cheney Gave Almost $300,000 to Trump

“Simon Grigorievich Kukes is a Russian-born American chemist and retired oil industry businessman. He emigrated to the USA to work in the oil industry in the late seventies, and returned to Russia with AMOCO in 1995. He became vice president at YUKOS, president of TNK-BP from 1998 until 2003, and returned to head Yukos, replacing Mikhail Khodorkovsky. Officially retired he is still consulting oil businesses. He has contributed to Donald Trump’s presidential campaign and Elizabeth Cheney’s 2016 run for a congressional seat…. He briefly taught at Rice University, in Houston, Texas. From 1979 to 1986, he worked for Phillips Petroleum, thereafter for Amoco. In 1995, he became vice president of its Moscow Office. From 1996 to 1998, he was vice president at YUKOS. From February 1998 until June 2003 he was president of TNK-BP or Tyumen Oil Company, and brokered a joint venture with BP=that year… In 2000, Kukes bought a 4 room condominium in Trump Parc in Manhattan” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Kukes

Was the Koch family involved in this? “America Gets the Shaft“, By MARK J. PENN, November 16, 1973 http://www.thecrimson.com/article/1973/11/16/america-gets-the-shaft-pthe-1972/

KS&T (UK) LTD. in the UK, Company number 00670705, was previously “JOHN ZINK COMPANY LIMITED
22 Sep 1960 – 31 Dec 2001”
https://beta.companieshouse.gov.uk/company/00670705
https://beta.companieshouse.gov.uk/company/00670705/officers
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Zink

Reported in “The Nation“: “How the Gas Lobby Is Using the Crimea Crisis to Push Bad Policy and Make More Money, News reports and politicians lauding US gas exports as “best for Crimea” don’t disclose the US gas companies pushing the line, or their Russian connections.” By Lee Fang
MARCH 20, 2014: “The National Association of Manufacturers has opposed tough sanctions on Russia. Instead, NAM has used the crisis in Ukraine to “urge speedier approval of liquified natural gas exports, arguing that the move would weaken Vladimir Putin’s control over Europe’s energy supply.” NAM’s chief lobbyist Jay Timmons told Politico that an LNG-export response would “send a strong signal to the Russian Federation, our NATO allies, our trading partners and the rest of the world that energy exports matter and are a critical tool of American foreign policy.”

There is an old NAM connection here too: https://miningawareness.wordpress.com/2017/03/23/who-are-the-puppet-masters-behind-the-trump-puppet-masters/

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/04/06/koch-industries-web-of-influence_n_845306.html

According to a note, the US government apparently can’t get enough info on Koch to include them in their genealogy: https://www.eia.gov/finance/genealogy/pdf/genealogy_refiners.pdf
https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/data/refinery_rank_2016.xls

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-10-02/koch-brothers-flout-law-getting-richer-with-secret-iran-sales.html/
http://www.dailykos.com/story/2015/5/22/1387070/-A-Must-Read-Timeline-and-Brief-History-of-Koch-Industries

Click to access mfglobalmemoisokstsjmotion1026.pdf

Koch Goldman aquire Solera: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1324245/000119312515319754/d41676dex994.htm

Click to access koch-carbon-114-response-20140131.pdf

Click to access koch-mineral-114-response-20130131-plus-attachments.pdf

“Meet the Koch Brothers’ Wealthy Right-Wing Grandfather: How His Pro-Corporate Agenda Is Echoed by the Kochs’ Assault on Our Democracy, The Koch brothers have bankrolled a broad attack on progressive government programs. Their grandfather’s history in Texas helps explain why“.
By Yasha Levine/ Texas Observer “….HARRY KOCH WAS BORN in Holland in 1867 to a wealthy German-Dutch family of merchants, farmers and doctors. After apprenticing to a newspaper publisher, he decided to seek his fortune in America. At 21, he set off on a steamer and arrived in New York on Dec. 5, 1888….” http://www.alternet.org/story/153027/meet_the_koch_brothers’_wealthy_right-wing_grandfather%3A_how_his_pro-corporate_agenda_is_echoed_by_the_kochs’_assault_on_our_democracy

Supposedly THE Koch family was German-Dutch, but why not Volga German too (or instead)? The Trumps long alleged to be Swedish and maybe they are. Maybe they were Swedes who arrived in Germany during or subsequent to the 30 Years War. They came into the district where they lived in Germany from an unknown location in this period, when many were fleeing: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirty_Years’_War Or, perhaps they were Volga Germans too?

Putin “kingmaker” Roman Abramovich was born in Saratov. He appears to be Volga German Jewish: “The Volga Germans (German: Wolgadeutsche or Russlanddeutsche, Russian: Поволжские немцы, Povolzhskiye nemtsy) are ethnic Germans who colonized and historically lived along the River Volga in the region of southeastern European Russia around Saratov and to the south. Recruited as immigrants to Russia in the 18th century, they were allowed to maintain their German culture, language, traditions, and churches (Lutheran, Reformed, Catholics, Moravians, and Mennonites). In the 19th and early 20th centuries, many Volga Germans emigrated to Kansas, the Dakotas, California and other states across the western United States, as well as to Canada and South America (mainly Argentina and Brazil).” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volga_Germans
[Update note: the original said Trump “kingmaker” instead of Putin, but this was probably a freudian slip, though it may also be true.]

Official Bio of Alfred Koch. He sounds suspiciously like THE Koch family, who are supposedly of Dutch-German origin. However, there is a Fred C. Koch, journalist, who wrote about the Volga Germans:
“Alfred Reingoldovich Kokh (Koch) (Russian: Альфред Рейнгольдович Кох, German: Alfred Reingoldowitsch Koch, born February 28, 1961) is a Russian writer, mathematician-economist and businessman of German origin.

He served as a deputy prime minister under President Boris Yeltsin and was an ally of economic reformer Anatoly Chubais, a chief architect of Russia’s privatization. On September 12, 1996, Kokh was appointed head of Russia’s State Property Committee, acting as Russia’s privatization chief. He left the position on August 13, 1997, after the privatization auctions (loans-for-shares).

In June 2000, Alfred Kokh became head of Gazprom-Media, a subsidiary media holding of Gazprom (now a subsidiary holding of Gazprombank), and oversaw the gas giant’s controversial takeover of NTV, an independent television company owned by Vladimir Gusinsky. He was succeeded by Boris Jordan in October 2001. He also served as head of the 2003 election campaign staff for the Union of Right Forces, a pro-business, democratic party of young reformers including Yegor Gaidar, Boris Nemtsov and Irina Khakamada, the first woman to run for the Russian presidency.

He wrote the 2006 Russian best-seller, A Crate of Vodka (Ящик водки), a dialogue with journalist Igor Svinarenko about the twenty-year period that covered the last Soviet generation and the first, truly free Russian generation (1982, the death of Leonid Brezhnev, to 2001, when 9/11 put an end to liberal politics). The English translation will appear in spring 2009.

In 2008, he financed a scholarly point-by-point refutation of Holocaust denial materials. Denial of the Denial (Отрицание отрицания), with Pavel Polian, is the first book on the subject published in Russia.

Kokh is a frequent commentator in Medved, a glossy Russian men’s magazine, writing about history and travel.

Alfred Kokh is a Candidate of Economic Science from the St. Petersburg Mathematics and Economics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. He funds an annual Russian prize in mathematics; he was a sponsor of the new monument in Moscow to Tsar Alexander II, the leader who emancipated the serfs and reformed the Russian army.
Out of fear of persecution by the Russian authorities he fled to Germany.[1]
References and notes
1. http://www.spiegel.de/politik/ausland/ukraine-russland-jagt-die-intellektuellen-aus-dem-land-a-990452.html#ref=rss ” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Koch

Click to access 2011-06-03_LTR_DOIResponseTo2011-02-28Lttr.pdf

Click to access enron1998.pdf