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28 Sept 1939, betrayal of eastern Europe, Borders, Cooperation and Demarcation, German–Soviet Boundary and Friendship Treaty, German–Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Hitler, Kremlin, Lithuania, NazBol, Nazi-Soviet Pact, Poland, Ribbentrop, Soviet Nazi Germany division of eastern Europe, Stalin, Yalta
“German–Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Demarcation map showing the agreed invasion-splitting of Poland by Germany and the Soviet Union signed by Joseph Stalin and German Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop on 28 September 1939”.
“The German-Soviet Frontier Treaty, a second supplementary protocol of the #MolotovRibbentropPact was signed #OTD in 1939. The USSR–German demarcation line was shifted from its originally agreed course along the Narew, Vistula, and San rivers eastwards to the Narew-Bug–San line”. https://twitter.com/ipngovpl_eng/status/1575123914866368512
“In this way, the Germans “received” eastern Mazovia and also Lublin and its environs. In return, in the protocol’s new version the Soviets added still-independent Lithuania and the Polish (albeit already in Bolshevik hands) Wilno region to their sphere of influence”. https://twitter.com/ipngovpl_eng/status/1575128918352330752
“German–Soviet Boundary and Friendship Treaty
The German–Soviet Boundary and Friendship Treaty was a second supplementary protocol[1] of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact of 23 August 1939.[2] It was a secret clause as amended on 28 September 1939 by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union after their joint invasion and occupation of sovereign Poland.[3]
It was signed by Joachim von Ribbentrop and Vyacheslav Molotov, the foreign ministers of Germany and the Soviet Union respectively, in the presence of Joseph Stalin. Only a small portion of the protocol, which superseded the first treaty, was publicly announced, while the spheres of influence of Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union remained secret. The third secret protocol of the Pact was signed on 10 January 1941 by Friedrich Werner von Schulenburg and Molotov, wherein Germany renounced its claims to portions of Lithuania, only a few months before their anti-Soviet Operation Barbarossa.[4]
Several secret articles were attached to the treaty. These articles allowed for the exchange of Soviet and German nationals between the two occupied zones of Poland, redrew parts of the central European spheres of interest dictated by the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, and also stated that neither party to the treaty would allow on its territory any “Polish agitation” directed at the other party.
During the western invasion of Poland, the German Wehrmacht had taken control of the Lublin Voivodeship and eastern Warsaw Voivodeship, territories that the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact had accorded in the Soviet sphere of influence. To compensate the Soviets for that “loss”, the treaty’s secret attachment transferred Lithuania to the Soviet sphere of influence except for a small territory, which was referred to as the “Lithuania Strip”, the left bank of the Šešupė River, and was to remain a German sphere of influence…
References
1. ^ Sharon Korman (1996). The Right of Conquest : The Acquisition of Territory by Force in International Law and Practice. Oxford University Press. p. 167. ISBN 0191583804. Retrieved 25 April 2015. “For the text of the German–Soviet Frontier Treaty see Degras, Soviet Documents on Foreign Policy, iii. 377.”
2. ^ Davies 2008, page 30 (ibidem).
3. ^ Davies, Norman (2008) [1996]. Europe: a History. Oxford University Press, Pan Macmillan. pp. 1001, 1004. ISBN 978-0-19-820171-7.
4. ^ Britannica (2015). “A secret supplementary protocol (signed September 28, 1939)”. German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 25 April 2015.
5. ^ Gedye, G.E.R. (1939-10-03). “Latvia Gets Delay on Moscow Terms; Lithuania Summoned as Finland Awaits Call to Round Out Baltic ‘Peace Bloc'”. The New York Times: 1, 6.
* Eidintas, Alfonsas; Vytautas Žalys; Alfred Erich Senn (September 1999). Ed. Edvardas Tuskenis (ed.). Lithuania in European Politics: The Years of the First Republic, 1918–1940 (Paperback ed.). New York: St. Martin’s Press. p. 170. ISBN 0-312-22458-3.
This page was last edited on 2 July 2022, at 13:49 (UTC).
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German–Soviet_Boundary_and_Friendship_Treaty
FDR and Churchill sold out eastern Europe at Yalta:
Churchill FDR Stalin at Yalta in Crimea UK gov photo via wikimedia
https://twitter.com/PawelHubal/status/1575130891868848128
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